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In November 1906 Hilma af Klint wrote, “The experiments I have undertaken...will astound humanity.” Combining geometric and organic forms, af Klint invented a distinctive artistic language, now recognized as among that era’s earliest forays into abstraction.

In the spring of 1919 she embarked on a project to demonstrate the “connection between the plant world and the world of the soul,” drawing flowering plants on the island of Munsö, outside of Stockholm, creating a portfolio known as the Nature Studies. Breaking with traditional botanical art, af Klint paired each plant with a diagram, which visualized an aspect of human character or a spiritual quality she gleaned from close looking. Af Klint imagined the Nature Studies as the central element in a flora, or a botanical atlas, demonstrating her belief that careful observation of nature would reveal ineffable aspects of the human condition.

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Hilma af Klint, 1901. Photographer unknown