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Wikipedia entry
Introduction
Toyen (born Marie Čermínová; 21 September 1902 – 9 November 1980) was a Czech painter, drafter, and illustrator and a member of the surrealist movement. In 1923, the artist adopted the professional pseudonym Toyen. The name Toyen has been suggested to be derived from the French word 'citoyen,' meaning citizen, but it has also been proposed to be a play on the Czech expression ‘to je on’ (‘it is he’). Toyen favored this gender-neutral mononym (in Czech the family name is gendered, with women's names ending in "ová") and would speak the language in the masculine singular form. Vítězslav Nezval wrote that Toyen "refused... to use the feminine endings" when speaking in the first person.
Wikidata
Q271743
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Getty record
Introduction
Studied at the School of Fine Arts in Prague from 1919 to 1922. Formed a partnership with the painter Jindrich Štrský in 1922 which lasted until his death in 1942. Joined the Devětsil group in Prague, 1923. Lived in Paris 1925-1928, where she ceased relying on a Cubist-inspired vocabulary. She developed with Štrský a doctrine of Artificialism: an abstract style in which images and feelings are recorded on canvas via "color sensations." They exhibited their first series of Artificialist works in 1926 at the Galerie de l' Art Contemporain, Paris. Toyen later became a founding member of the Czech Surrealist group, and helped organize its first exhibition in 1935. During the Nazi occupation her work was banned and she went undergound until 1945. After 1947 she was an active participant in the Surrealist milieu in Paris.
Nationalities
Czech, Bohemian, French
Gender
Female
Roles
Artist, Graphic Artist, Illustrator, Painter
Names
Toyen, Marie Cernisova Toyen, Marie Toyen, Marie Čermínová, Marie Cermínová, Toyen (Marie Cerminová), Maria Cermínová, Marie Germoniová
Ulan
500013325
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Information from Getty’s Union List of Artist Names ® (ULAN), made available under the ODC Attribution License

Works

3 works online

Exhibitions

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