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Wikipedia entry
Introduction
Ralf Winkler, alias A. R. Penck, who also used the pseudonyms Mike Hammer, T. M., Mickey Spilane, Theodor Marx, "a. Y." or just "Y" (5 October 1939 – 2 May 2017) was a German painter, printmaker, sculptor, and jazz drummer. A neo-expressionist, he became known for his visual style, reminiscent of the influence of primitive art.
Wikidata
Q279088
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Getty record
Introduction
Mostly self-taught artist lived in the Communist GDR until 1980, when he was expatriated to West Germany. As early as 1960 he began to create paintings of stick figures and a range of pictograms that he called Standarts. From the early 1980s he was recognized for his primitive images, which he rendered in paintings, prints, and sculpture, and was acknowledged as a leader of the German Neo-Expressionist movement.
Nationalities
German, East German, Irish
Gender
Male
Roles
Artist, Author, Cinematographer, Costume Designer, Writer, Publicist, Manager, Musician, Set Designer, Graphic Artist, Painter, Sculptor
Names
A. R. Penck, R. A. Penck, A.R. Penck, A.R. Penck (Ralf Winkler), A. A. Penck, Ralf Winkler, Ralph Winkler, Y, Ypsilon, Alpha, Mike Hammer, TM, T. M., Tancred Mitchel, Tancred Mitschel, Theodor Marx
Ulan
500006352
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Information from Getty’s Union List of Artist Names ® (ULAN), made available under the ODC Attribution License

Works

87 works online

Exhibitions

View all 38 exhibitions

Publications

  • Ileana Sonnabend: Ambassador for the New Ann Temkin and Claire Lehmann, 2013 Exhibition catalogue, Hardcover, 172 pages
  • New Work on Paper 2: Borofsky, Clemente, Merz, Penck, Penone Bernice Rose, 1982 Exhibition catalogue, Paperback, pages
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