Introduction
Ralf Winkler, alias A. R. Penck, who also used the pseudonyms Mike Hammer, T. M., Mickey Spilane, Theodor Marx, "a. Y." or just "Y" (5 October 1939 – 2 May 2017) was a German painter, printmaker, sculptor, and jazz drummer.
Wikidata
Q279088
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Introduction
Mostly self-taught artist lived in the Communist GDR until 1980, when he was expatriated to West Germany. As early as 1960 he began to create paintings of stick figures and a range of pictograms that he called Standarts. From the early 1980s he was recognized for his primitive images, which he rendered in paintings, prints, and sculpture, and was acknowledged as a leader of the German Neo-Expressionist movement.
Nationalities
German, East German
Gender
Male
Roles
Artist, Writer, Musician, Painter, Sculptor
Names
A. R. Penck, Ralf Winkler, Ralph Winkler, A. A. Penck, Y, Ypsilon, Mike Hammer, TM, T. M., R. A. Penck, Tancred Mitchel, A.R. Penck, A.R. Penck (Ralf Winkler)
Ulan
500006352
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Information from Getty’s Union List of Artist Names ® (ULAN), made available under the ODC Attribution License