Eadweard J. Muybridge
- Introduction
- Eadweard Muybridge (; 9 April 1830 – 8 May 1904, born Edward James Muggeridge) was an English photographer important for his pioneering work in photographic studies of motion, and early work in motion-picture projection. He adopted the first name Eadweard as the original Anglo-Saxon form of Edward, and the surname Muybridge, believing it to be similarly archaic.Born in Kingston upon Thames in the United Kingdom, at age 20 he emigrated to America as a bookseller, first to New York, and then to San Francisco. Planning a return trip to Europe in 1860, he suffered serious head injuries in a stagecoach crash in Texas. He spent the next few years recuperating in Kingston upon Thames, where he took up professional photography, learning the wet-plate collodion process, and secured at least two British patents for his inventions. He went back to San Francisco in 1867. In 1868 he exhibited large photographs of Yosemite Valley, which made him world-famous. In 1874 Muybridge shot and killed Major Harry Larkyns, his wife's lover, but was acquitted in a jury trial on the grounds of justifiable homicide. In 1875 he travelled for more than a year in Central America on a photographic expedition. Today, Muybridge is known for his pioneering work on animal locomotion in 1877 and 1878, which used multiple cameras to capture motion in stop-motion photographs, and his zoopraxiscope, a device for projecting motion pictures that pre-dated the flexible perforated film strip used in cinematography. In the 1880s, he entered a very productive period at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, producing over 100,000 images of animals and humans in motion, capturing what the human eye could not distinguish as separate movements. During his later years, Muybridge gave many public lectures and demonstrations of his photography and early motion picture sequences, returning frequently to England and Europe to publicise his work. He also edited and published compilations of his work, which greatly influenced visual artists and the developing fields of scientific and industrial photography. He returned to his native England permanently in 1894. In 1904, Kingston Museum was opened in his hometown and continues to house a collection of his works to this day in a dedicated 'Muybridge Exhibition'.
- Wikidata
- Q190568
- Introduction
- Eadweard Muybridge was born Edward James Muggeridge but he adopted the Saxon spelling of his name early in his life. Muybridge came to the United States in 1852 where he worked as a publisher and a book-dealer. He returned to England in 1860 and began photographing. By 1867 he returned to California and sold photographic views using the pseudonym "Helios." During this time, he was commissioned by Leland Stanford to study the motion of a trotting horse using photographic methods. Muybridge abandonded the experiments in 1873 while he travelled to Central America, but began them again when he returned in 1877. His experiments with capturing motion using photography became more in-depth as he designed a faster shutter and a technique for using shorter exposures. The resulting photographs allowed him to successfully analyze each individual stage of motion of a horse trotting, and the published photographs earned him a name with the public. He also performed additional experiments using multiple cameras to capture motion, and designed a projecting device for drawings derived from his photographs called a 'zoopraxiscope'. This device allowed him to illustrate how artists in the past had inaccurately represented motion in their paintings and drawings. In 1884, Muybridge began working at the University of Pennsylvania, where he continued his experiments using multiple cameras to study human and animal motion. Many of his photographs were reproduced in his landmark publication 'Animal Locomotion'. Today Muybridge's photographic innovations are considered a precursor to modern motion pictures. British photographer.
- Nationalities
- American, English, British
- Gender
- Male
- Roles
- Artist, Photographer
- Names
- Eadweard Muybridge, Helios, Edward James Muggeridge, Muybridge Eadweard J., E. J. Muybridge, Eadweard J. Muybridge, Eduardo Santiago Muybridge
- Ulan
- 500115207
Exhibitions
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502: Early Photography and Film
Ongoing
MoMA
Collection gallery
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Stephen Shore
Nov 19, 2017–May 28, 2018
MoMA
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A World of Its Own: Photographic Practices in the Studio
Feb 8–Nov 2, 2014
MoMA
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Into the Sunset: Photography’s Image of the American West
Mar 29–Jun 8, 2009
MoMA
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Artist’s Choice: Vik Muniz, Rebus
Dec 11, 2008–Feb 23, 2009
MoMA
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Eadweard J. Muybridge has
25 exhibitionsonline.
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Valley of the Yosemite. From Mosquito Camp 1872
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Studies of Foreshortenings, Horses: Running 1878-79
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Eadweard J. Muybridge _Man Throwing an Iron Disk:_Plate 307 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Woman Jumping, Running Straight High Jump: Plate 156 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Movement of the Hand, Hand Changing Pencil: Plate 536 from Animal Locomotion 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge "Katydid" Trotting, Harnessed to Sulky: Plate 611 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Woman Stooping and Lifting Train: Plate 207 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Jumping; Handspring; Somersault; Springing over a Man's Back: Plate 522 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Head-spring, a Flying Pigeon Interfering: Plate 365 from Animal Locomotion (1887 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge American Eagle Flying Near the Ground: Plate 771 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Red-Tailed Hawk Flying: Plate 763 from Animal Locomotion 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Cockatoo Flying: Plate 762 from Animal Locomotion 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Miscellaneous, Stooping, Kneeling, etc.: Plate 502 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Two Women Walking, Meeting and Partly Turning: Plate 45 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Lawn Tennis: Plate 298 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Bricklaying: Plate 505 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge "Lizzie M." Trotting, Harnessed to Sulky: Plate 609 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Woman Dancing: Plate 194 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Woman Ascending an Incline: Plate 79 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Woman Ascending a Stepladder Two Steps at a Time: Plate 110 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Woman Descending an Incline: Plate 118 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Woman Descending an Incline with a 20-lb. Basket on Head, Hands Raised: Plate 124 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Woman Descending Stairs, Looking Around and Waving a Fan: Plate 140 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Man Jumping, Pole Vaulting: Plate 165 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Woman Stepping on and over a Trestle: Plate 178 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Woman Walking on Hands and Feet: Plate 183 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Woman Dancing (Fancy): Plate 187 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Woman Curtseying: Plate 198 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Woman Lifting a Child from the Ground and Turning Around: Plate 214 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Cricket, Batting and Drive: Plate 291 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Woman Emptying a Bucket of Water: Plate 401 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Woman Opening a Parasol and Turning Around: Plate 461 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Miscellaneous Phases of the Toilet: Plate 494 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge "Hornet" Rocking; "Eagle" Rolling a Barrel: Plate 649 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Man Lifting 75-lb. Stone on Shoulder: Plate 397 from Animal Locomotion (1887) 1884-86
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Eadweard J. Muybridge Movement of the Hand, Beating Time: Plate 535 from Animal Locomotion 1884-86
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