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Wikipedia entry
Introduction
Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (Italian: [raffaˈɛllo ˈsantsjo da urˈbiːno]; March 28 or April 6, 1483 – April 6, 1520), now generally known in English as Raphael (UK: RAF-ay-əl, US: RAF-ee-əl, RAY-fee-, RAH-fy-EL), was an Italian painter and architect of the High Renaissance. His work is admired for its clarity of form, ease of composition, and visual achievement of the Neoplatonic ideal of human grandeur. Together with Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo, he forms the traditional trinity of great masters of that period. His father was court painter to the ruler of the small but highly cultured city of Urbino. He died when Raphael was eleven, and Raphael seems to have played a role in managing the family workshop from this point. He trained in the workshop of Perugino, and was described as a fully trained "master" by 1500. He worked in or for several cities in north Italy until in 1508 he moved to Rome at the invitation of Pope Julius II, to work on the Apostolic Palace at the Vatican. He was given a series of important commissions there and elsewhere in the city, and began to work as an architect. He was still at the height of his powers at his death in 1520. Raphael was enormously productive, running an unusually large workshop and, despite his early death at 37, leaving a large body of work. His career falls naturally into three phases and three styles, first described by Giorgio Vasari: his early years in Umbria, then a period of about four years (1504–1508) absorbing the artistic traditions of Florence, followed by his last hectic and triumphant twelve years in Rome, working for two popes and their close associates. Many of his works are found in the Vatican Palace, where the frescoed Raphael Rooms were the central, and the largest, work of his career. The best known work is The School of Athens in the Vatican Stanza della Segnatura. After his early years in Rome, much of his work was executed by his workshop from his drawings, with considerable loss of quality. He was extremely influential in his lifetime, though outside Rome his work was mostly known from his collaborative printmaking. After his death, the influence of his great rival Michelangelo exceeded his until the 18th and 19th centuries, when Raphael's more serene and harmonious qualities were again regarded as the highest models. Thanks to the influence of art historian Johann Joachim Winckelmann, his work became a formative influence on Neoclassical painting, but his techniques would later be explicitly and emphatically rejected by groups such as the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood.
Wikidata
Q5597
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Getty record
Introduction
Famed and influential Renaissance painter, noted for paintings of great beauty and harmony. His work epitomized Renaissance ideals of balance and ideal forms. His later works exhibit an interest in movement and emotion in narratives. He is best known for religious subjects, portraits, and historical scenes. He died young, at age 37. He was born 26 or 20 March 1483, and died 6 April 1520. He was trained as a painter; he entered the workshop of Perugino in Peugia ca. 1500. He went to Florence in 1504 and to Rome probably in 1508. In 1514, Raphael was appointed "magister operis" in charge of the building of St. Peter's. In the six subsequent years, until his death in 1520, he directed for Pope Leo X some of the main works in Rome, including the Vatican Palace (1514-1515) and the Villa Madama (from 1518), and carried on architectural activity for various patrons.
Nationalities
Italian, Florentine, Roman
Gender
Male
Roles
Artist, Architect, Archaeologist, Court Painter, Designer, Fresco Painter, Poet, History Artist, Painter, Sculptor
Names
Raphael, Raffaelle, Rafaello, Raphaele, Raphaello Santi, Raphaello Sanzio, Raphaeel Sanzio, Raphael Sanzio da Urbino, Rafaelo, Rafaele, Raffael, Raffael da Urbino, Raffael Urbinas, Raffaele Sanzio, Raphael Sancio, Raffaelle da Urbino, Raffelle, Raphael Sanctio da Urbino, Raphaïl, Raphael Sanctius, Raphaeel Santi, Raffaelle Sanzio, Raphael Santo, Raffaello Santi, Raffaello da Urbino, Rafaėlʹ, Raffaello Sanzi, Raffaello Sanzio d'Urbino, Urbinas Raphael, Rafael da Urbino, Rafael d'Urbino, Rafaele d'Urbino, Rafaelle d'Urbino, Rafaello d'Urbino, Rafael Urbinus, Raffaelle da Urb.o, Raffaelle Sanzio d'Urbino, Raffaello Sancio d'Urbino, Raffaelo, Raphael da Urbino, Raffaello Santi da Urbino, Raphael Santi, Raefel Urbijn, Rafael de Urbina, Rafael d'orbino, Rafaele da Urbino, Rafaele di Orbino, Rafaele di Urbino, Rafaele d'Orbino, Rafaele durbino, Rafaele Rubino, Rafaele Urbino, Rafaëlle, Rafaelle, rafaello, Rafaello di Urbino, rafaello d'orbino, Rafael Sancio d'Urbino, rafael sanzio, Rafael Urbino, Raf. d'Urb., Raf:e d Urbino, Rafel, Rafell, Rafelle, Rafelo, Rafel Urbin, Raffael di Urbino, Raffael d'Urbino, Raffaele, Raffaele da Urbino, Raffaele di Urbino, Raffaele d'orbino, Raffaele d'Urbino, Raffaele Sanzio di Urbino, Raffaele Urbino, Raffaeli, Raffaell, Raffaelle di Urbino, Raffaelle d'Orbino, Raffaelle d'Urbino, Raffaelle Sanzio Da Urbino, da Urbino Raffaello, Raffaello di Urbino, [Raffaello Santi], raffaelo santi, raffaelo sanzio, raffael santi, raffael sanzio, Raffael Urbino, Raffa.le, Raffele, Raffielle, Raff.o, Raf. Urbino, Raphael de Urbin, Raphael de Urbina, Raphael de Urbino, Raphael de Urbins, Raphael d'Urbain, Raphael d'Urban, Raphael d'Urbin, d'Urbin Raphael, Raphaël d'Urbin, Raphael-Durbin, Raphael Durbin, Raphael d'Urbino, Raphaël d'Urbino, da Urbino Raphaelo Sanzio, Raphaels, Raphael Sancio d'Urbin, Raphaël Sancio d'Urbin, Raphael Sansovino, Raphael Santio da Urbino, Raphael Sanzio Raphael da Urbino, Raphael Urbino Raphael Sanzio, Raphaels Urbijn, Raphael Urbin, Raphaël Urbin, Raphael Urbino, Raphal d'Urbin, Rapheal, Raphel, Raphel d'Urbin, Raphele, Raphell, Raphel Urbien, Raphiel, rrafael de Urbina, Raphael Sanzio, Raffaello, Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino, Raffaello Sanzio, Raffaelo Santi, Raffaello d'Urbino, Raphaël Urbinas, Rafael de Urbino, Raphael Sanzio d'Urbino, Raphael Sanctius Urbinas
Ulan
500023578
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Information from Getty’s Union List of Artist Names ® (ULAN), made available under the ODC Attribution License

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