LOUISE BOURGEOIS: COMPLETE BOOKS & PRINTS

Alternate Title:

Tops

Descriptive Title:

English translation: "Spirals"

Themes:

Spirals

Techniques:

Etching

Description:

Etching

Support:

Slightly textured, wove paper

Dimensions:

plate: 4 13/16 x 6 3/4" (12.3 x 17.2 cm); sheet: 6 15/16 x 7 15/16" (17.6 x 20.2 cm)

Signature:

"Louise Bourgeois" lower right margin, pencil.

Publisher:

unpublished

Printer:

The artist

Edition:

8 known impressions of the only state, outside the edition

Impression:

Not numbered

Edition Information:

Proof before the editioning of the only state.

Background:

In the 1970s, Bourgeois spent some time teaching, notably at The School of Visual Arts and The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, in Manhattan, and at Pratt Institute in Brooklyn. She most likely printed her works from this period in the print workshops at the schools where she taught.

In 1990, this plate was reprinted by Piero Crommelynck, Paris, at the direction of Galerie Lelong, Paris, at the same time as those from the 1940s that were being considered for their "Quarantania" portfolio, seen below in Related Works in the Catalogue. It was issued separately because it is not from the 1940s.

The 1990 reprints differ in appearance from the c. 1974 impressions, due to corrosion of the plates and accidental scratching over time. Also, professional printing with uniform inking and wiping creates a darker plate tone.

Artist’s Remarks:

"This is very friendly. The spirals function in space... they can organize themselves and relate to each other... they can dance... they are at ease.
But there are two kinds of spirals... starting at the outer, or starting inside. You can expand outward, because the present is unbearable... you can escalate in your vision to avoid what is at the center. But if you go outward and there is no limit, you can go too high... you can go crazy. This can be a metaphor for ambition that knows no limit. You must know your limits.... But there are dangers either way. If you go inward, you will wind tighter, like the spring of a watch. This is dangerous because you can get twisted, strangled by your emotions... you can snap, or you can throw up! What do people do under intense emotions?" (Quote cited in Wye, Deborah and Carol Smith. "The Prints of Louise Bourgeois." New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1994, p. 141.)

Curatorial Remarks:

The signature on this impression shows the artist experimenting with the orientation of the composition. The published print will not be in this orientation.

Former Cat. No.:

W & S 67

MoMA Credit Line:

Gift of the artist

MoMA Accession Number:

526.1993

This Work in Other Collections:

Bowdoin College Museum of Art, Brunswick, ME
Harvard Art Museums/Fogg Museum, Cambridge, MA
The National Museum of Art, Architecture, and Design, Oslo, Norway
Sheldon Museum of Art, University of Nebraska

© The Easton Foundation/VAGA at ARS, NY